语法

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一、副词的用法

1.1、副词修饰哪些词性

1、修饰动词
  • this is a fast rabbit——这里的fast是形容词,修饰名词rabbit
  • this rabbit runs fast——这里的fast是副词,修饰动词run
2、修饰形容词
  • this is a very fast rabbit——这里的very是副词,修饰形容词fast
3、修饰副词
  • this rabbit runs very fast. ——这里的very是副词,修饰副词fast
4、修饰名词
  • this rabbit here runs very fast. ——这里的here是副词,修饰名词rabbit
5、修饰句子
  • obviously,this rabbit here runs very fast. ——这里的obviously是副词,修饰后面的整个句子,形容整个句子描述的事是显然的

1.2、副词在句子中作什么成分

1、状语
  • this is a very fast rabbit
  • obviously,this rabbit here runs very fast
2、定语
3、表语
  • the wolf is abroad 做表语的副词只能在变位的系动词be之后
4、宾语补足语
  • let me in!
  • let me out!

二、副词的形式

1、形容词和副词同型
fast、
2、在形容词后加ly变副词
quick——quickly、
3、将形容词词尾的e去掉,加y或ly变副词
possible——possibly、true——truly
4、有时候形容词和副词同型的词意思却不同
pretty adj.漂亮的、adv.相当,挺
  • this is a pretty wolf.这是一只漂亮的狼 adj
  • this is a pretty smart rabbit.这是一只相当聪明的兔子 adv
  • this is a fairly pretty wolf.这是一只相当漂亮的狼 adj
5、有时候形容词加上y或ly之后意思也会改变
  • this is a largr carrot. large adj.巨大的 这是一个巨大的胡萝卜
  • I largely only eat carrots. largely adv.基本上,总体上 我基本上只吃胡萝卜

三、副词的种类

3.1、方式副词

一些方式副词可以位于句首、句中、句尾,但不是所有副词都可以
  • suddenly,the dirver turned left
  • the dirver suddenly turned left
  • the dirver turned left suddenly

3.2、程度副词

程度副词一般位于它修饰的形容词或副词之前
  • this is a very fast rabbit
  • this rabbit runs very fast

3.3、地点副词

地点副词一般谓语句尾,表示强调是可以放在句首
  • The rabbit eats carrots
  • The rabbit eats carrots indoors/outdoors.
  • The rabbit eats carrots upstairs/downstairs.
  • Here you can relax and forget about all your troubles.

3.4、时间副词

时间副词一般位于句尾,有时也可以放到句首或句中
  • The rabbit ate some carrots yesterday.
  • The rabbit is eating some carrots now.
  • The rabbit will eat some carrots later.
  • The rabbit has already eaten some carrots.

3.5、频率副词

大多频率副词位于行为动作之前,be动词/助动词/情态动词之后
  • The rabbit eats carrots every day.
  • Sometimes, the rabbit eats carrots.
  • The rabbit usually eats carrots.
  • The rabbit eats carrots three times a day.
  • And I will always love you. —— Whitney Houston

3.6、疑问副词

用来构成特殊疑问句的副词
  • How does the rabbit eat carrots?
  • Where does the rabbit eat carrots?
  • When does the rabbit eat carrots?
  • Why does the rabbit eat carrots?

3.7、连接副词

引导名词行从句的副词
  • How the rabbit eats carrots is interesting. How引动的注意从句
  • I don't know where the rabbit eats carrots. Where引导的宾语从句
  • That is why the rabbit eats carrots. Why引导的表语从句

3.8、关系副词

引导形容词性从句的副词
  • This is the place where the rabbit eat the carrot.
  • This is the reason why the rabbit eat the carrot.
  • That was the day when the rabbit eat the carrot for the first time.

3.9、句子副词

句子副词一般在句子的开头,且用逗号和主句分开
  • Obviously, this rabbit here runs very fast.
 
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